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Edit Step 9
— Prep for Second Coat
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Allow the first coat to completely cure - generally 24-36 hours
Check the surface for air bubbles or other imperfections. Use a small drill bit and knife to open up and round the edges of the bubbles or other defects. As long as they're open and clean, the second coat will fill them in completely.
If you don't want to put a border to your surface, remove whatever material you used for a dam on the first coat, and put down a mask on the floor and any appliances/cabinets under the surface. We opted to paint our edge black at this stage, then the second coat was allowed to run over the edge to make it glossy.
If it's necessary to clean the surface between coats, use Acetone, which is recommended by the epoxy manufacturer.

Edit Step 10
— Edge Cleanup
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No matter how careful you are, there will be a few drips along the underside of your surface. Once the epoxy is partially set, you can use a razor blade to remove these. If you wait until it's fully cured, you will need to use a sander instead.
Note: Even with the polyurethane, the epoxy is still somewhat soft. If you leave a heavy item on the counter for a while, it will leave an indentation. The good news is, when you move it, it will gradually level out. You can avoid this by avoiding heavy things with relatively small feet, or by placing such items on a flat board or plate to distribute the weight more evenly.

Edit Step 11
— Apply Polyurethane
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Why polyurethane? The clear epoxy is strong, but soft and relatively elastic. It will hold up fairly well on it's own, but is not really well suited to a kitchen or other high traffic area. The polyurethane coating makes it rigid, and protects the epoxy beneath from damage and discoloration by UV, and common cleaning solvents. This step is technially optional, but strongly recommended
Once the epoxy is fully cured, wipe the surface down with alcohol to remove any dirt or debris.
Apply the polyurethane according to the instructions.
Do this in a well ventilated area. Most of the clear epoxies don't smell and are pretty safe in that respect, but marine grade polyurethane reeks, is HIGHLY flammable, and the fumes are nasty.
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Comments 
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We bought some "mold release" spray which I sprayed onto the exposed part of the foil tape before pouring. This turned out to be doubly bad. Not only did the tape not release well from the Epoxy, the mold release contributed to the tape not sealing well against the edge of the old counter material in some places and the epoxy leaking through and either causing bulges in the tape or drips onto the appliances/draw
I ended up using a knife to trim the tape off flush, then used a drum sander to remove the bulges and painted the edge black. Then masked the floor and cabinets with paper and let the second coat run over the edge so it's seamless and shiny.
Next time, I would do it by picking an edge I wanted to be there permanently and applying it first, making sure it left an appropriate lip. Then I would do multiple layers with the goal of ending flush with the trim.
Actually, I did intent to cover the foil with copper flashing tape for the second coat. But once I got the copper and held it up there, I realized that it sort of detracted from the pennies. That's why I ended up painting it, the contrast of the black edge really made the pennies shine.
Another great penny idea:
Some friends of ours just got married and said that all they really wanted was cash. I didn't want to put a price on our friendship like that so we got them a small gift and the rest ($20) cash that we were going to put into the gift. After thinking about it for a while, we were going to put ones to make it seem like more than it was (plus I knew how to fold them into hearts). THEN we came up with the brilliant idea of using "penny" wrapping paper to which we super glued pennies to the wrapped gifts. It's a cute, funny way to give the happy couple a hard time while still giving them just what they asked for!
I'm doing a similar project on a smaller scale (think coasters) but using bottle caps. Where did you get your epoxy? My problem is that the craft epoxy is too expensive for making a ton of coasters. I think I paid $35 for epoxy and made 4 coasters, and all of those were just prototypes.
We bought ours at Lowe's. By the gallon I think it was around $60. A quart was like $48, so when we needed more, we bought another gallon. It's not cheap, but for the counter at least, it worked out to $7.50/sf including the pennies which is less than half of the $17/sf it would have cost for Lowe's to install a cheap laminate counter top in its place, and almost 1/10th of what granite or quartz would have cost.
While it would add a *lot* of extra work and time to your project, if you sort the pennies by brightness, you can make 'greyscale' designs on your countertop.
That would be cool! I think it would be best done by building one of those sorting machines that could read the coloring and construct the image for you.
Question: if you have quite a large area to cover with the epoxy, can you do it in sections? In other words, do you need to mix enough epoxy to cover the whole surface all at once or is it ok to cover part of the surface, go and mix more, pore it in and so on? I understand that you have to have a couple of layers horizontally and that the epoxy blends/bonds with itself and that it will end up looking like one solid epoxy layer. But what about "vertical seems"?
I really like this whole idea and I would love to give it a try!
Birgit
You don't want to mix more than 1qt at a time really. The Epoxy cures somewhat as an exothermic reaction. The more you mix at once, the more heat it will generate and the shorter work time you will have. So the instructions say not to use larger batches unless you're really experienced. That's also why you don't want to do overly deep pours in one shot.
As long as you don't let dirt or dust come in contract with it between pours, there is no problem seaming multiple pours together. (Don't do it while doing construction in another room.) The instructions recommend wiping it off with Acetone or similar solvent to be sure no oils or anything will interfere with adhesion.
My husband and I are in serious talks do try this project (with nickels) for a kitchen island countertop. How does the countertop wear in your experience with it? We have young kids so expect it to get a work-out. Can you place warm/hot items down on the countertop at all? What should we consider before we go for it?
Sorry for the slow response. I would recommend going with something a little harder than we used - like the system 3 stuff, and I would *definitely* make sure you put down the marine varnish. It smells nasty, but it renders it nearly immune to solvent damage, and makes it much more rigid than just the epoxy. We lived with ours for four years, and left it in place when we moved. If was good enough condition that the property owner left it in place, and the new owners still adore it. We have no kids, but we cook and we bake extensively, and it survived many, many parties and baking sessions with flying colors.
Warm items are okay, hot items are a definite bad idea. We worked around it by keeping a felt bottomed granite sink cut out on part of the counter. The felt kept the granite from scratching the surface, and was the perfect surface for hot stuff - we even use them to cool cakes and brittles.
One of the best things about this in terms of durability is that it is infinitely patchable. If it gets scratched up, all you have to do is sand it smooth and put down a new skim coat and it is as good as new - the epoxy fills the scratches in perfectly.
Instead of Epoxy, I'd recommend a "Bar-Top" encasement epoxy. It's less elastic, hardens like a rock, and you won't need the Poly.
Agreed. We have switched over to the System III line ( we still aren't doing a tremendous amount of this, and the other commercial resins are rather expensive to experiment with ).
It's a bit harder to work with - more prone to micro bubbles, but the final outcome is more than worth it.

does the foil tape release easily? i've heard of coating the epoxy side of the dam with petroleum jelly as well, any thoughts?